CLASS 10TH SOCIAL SCIENCE (POLITICAL SCIENCE ) UNIT - 4 GLOBAL PROBLEMS AND INDIA’S ROLE NOTES 2021 -22

UNIT - 4 GLOBAL PROBLEMS AND INDIA’S ROLE

I. Fill in the blanks with appropriate answers:

1. Human Rights day is celebrated on ................. (December 10, 1948)

2. India has been arguing in favour of Human Rights since ........(Independence)

3. Gandhi fought against the Apartheid in ................. (South Africa)

4. Human Rights involve .........................(equality also)

II. Answer the following questions:

1. When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted?

 December 10, 1948.

2. In which Article of The Indian fundamental rights are discussed?

 In the Constitution of India from Article 12 to 35 fundamental rights are discussed

3. “The World which has arms not only waste the money, it also wastes the sweat of labourers, intelligence of scientists and waste the dreams of the children”.Who said this?

 Hoover said this

4. What is the full form of PTBT?

 Partial Test Ban Treaty

5. What is the full form of CTBT?

 Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

6. What is the full form of SALT?

 Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

7. What does the third world denotes?

 The word „Third World‟ denotes poverty and non development.

II. Discuss in group and answer:

1. What were the major problems that emerged after World War II?  Denial (Refusal) of human rights

 arms race

 economic inequality

 Apartheid

 terrorism

2. Explain the struggle lead by India for the implementation of Human Rights.

 India has been advocating Universal Declaration of Human Rights from the beginning.

 In the Constitution of India, from Article 12 to 35 of part III, fundamental rights are discussed.

 India has been advocating for better human rights implementation in all the meetings of UNO.

3. Arms race leads to total destruction of the world. In this background, what are the effects of Arms race?

 Insecurity, fear, instability and threat of war appear due to the arms competition.

 In order to keep all these evils away, disarmament is the viable option available for humanity.

 With the preparation of Nuclear weapons and bombs ,the issue of disarmaments has become a serious issue in the present world

4. What are the features of economically backward countries? What are the reasons for this backwardness?

 Among the members of the world, economical inequality is a major problem.  It is a historical gift of colonialism and imperialism.

 European countries established colonies in Africa, Asia and Latin American countries.

 The countries that were under the control of imperialistic powers suffered from backwardness.

 There progress was really slow till 20th century.

 They had a lot of hurdles to cross in the science, technology, agriculture, transportation, education, health and many other areas to achieve development.

5. What are the measures taken up by India to eradicate economic inequality?

 The word „Third World‟ denotes poverty and non development.

 These countries are trying to come out of the shortages of food, capital, health, education, and many other issues.

 The UNO and developed countries need to act beyond these limitations.

 India, as a progressive nation, is striving to promote economic equality among all the countries of the world.

6. Apartheid is against Humanism. How do you substantiate this statement?

 Racial discrimination and inhuman treatment of non-white races have been considered.

 A bane on World civilization.

 Europeans who travelled across the world after Renaissance through the newly discovered sea routes established their colonies.

 Later, they started building vast empires on the eastern and western parts of the Globe.

 Thus, the so called races mainly brown, black and even yellow hailing from African, Asian and American countries were looked down up on by the White race.

 The Europeans even started coining the phrase “White Man‟s Burden” to civilize the World.

 But, this type of racism was basically inhuman and unethical.

 However, this Racism or Apartheid Policy persisted for a long time in the world inspite of many reforms.

Milan Tomic

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