UNIT - 5 INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers
1. The UNO was founded in the year ................(1945)
2. The head office of the UNO is in..................city. (Newyork)
3. The subsidiary of the UNO which appears like a cabinet committee is ..........................(Security Council)
4. The term of the office of international judges is ..............years. (Five)
5. The International Court of Justice is in ..........................(Hague )
6. The present Secretary General of the UNO is ............... (Antonio Guterres )
7. The World Health Organistion was founded in the year ............ (1948)
8. The SAARC was founded in the year .........(1985)
II. Answer the following questions in one sentence each:
1.Who started UNO?
Winston Churchill , Joseph Stalin and Franklin D Roosevelt
2. In which conference UNO was started?
In which San Francisco conference UNO was started
3. When was United Nations Organization founded?
On October 24, 1945 United Nations Organization was founded
4.Which organization of UNO is considered as global parliament?
General Assembly
5. Which organization is considered cabinet of UNO?
UNO Security Council
6. Mention the permanent members of Security council?
France, USA, UK, France, Russia and China
7. Who select the Judge of International Court of Justice?
UNO Security Council selects the Judge of International Court of Justice.
8. Why Trusteeship Council has become inactive now?
This has become inactive now as there is no trustee left.
9. Where is the head quarters of International Court of Justice?
The head quarters of International Court of Justice is at Hague
10. Who is the head of the executive body of UNO?
The General Secretary is the head of the executive body of UNO.
11. Who elects the The General Secretary of UNO?
The General Secretary is elected by the General Assembly as per the suggestion of Security Council
12. Where is the head quarters of Secretariat?
The head quarters of Secretariat is at New York
13. Mention the branch offices of Secretariat?
Geneva, Vienna and Nairobi
14. Who will run The day to day administration of the UNO and institutional functions?
The day to day administration of the UNO and institutional functions are run by the Secretariat
15. What is the full form of GATT?
„General Agreement on Tariff and Trade‟
16.Where is the Head quarters of Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)?
Rome
17. Where is the Head quarters of World Health Organization (WHO)?
Geneva
18. Where is the Head quarters of United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)?
Paris
19. Which organization is founded the benefit of the children?
United Nations International Emergency Fund(UNICEF)
20. Which institution is known for its humane outlook?
United Nations International Emergency Fund(UNICEF)
21. Where is the Head quarters of International Monetary Fund (IMF)?
New York
22. What is the other name of International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)?
World Bank
23. Where is the Head quarters of International Labour Organization (ILO)?
Geneva
24. Which organization is considered as the third important pillar of the world trade along with IMF and World Bank?
WTO is considered as the third important pillar of the world trade along with IMF and World Bank.
25. When was Common Wealth of Nations founded?
1926
26. Expand SAARC
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
27. When was SAARC founded?
1985
28. Mention the member nations of SAARC.
India, Pakistan, Srilanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Maldives, Bhutan and Afghanistan
29. Where is the Head office of SAARC?
Nepal
30. What is the full form of ASEAN?
Association of South East Asian Nations
31. Who are the founding members of ASEAN?
Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines and Thailand are the founding members of ASEAN.
III. Answer the following questions:
1.What are the subsidiary institutions of the UNO?
General Assembly
Security Council
Economic and Social Committee
Trusteeship Council
International Court of Justice
Secretariat
2. Name working aims of the World Health Organziation.
WHO was founded with aim of improving the health of the world community.
It has strived to eradicate diseases like plague, cholera, Malaria and Small pox.
It is also working towards freeing the world from AIDS, Cancer and other major diseases.
The organization is trying to address issues like population growth, hunger, malnutrition and other challenges in the coming days also
3. Make a list of functions of the International Labour Organization.
This organization is for the development of labourers across the world.
Areas like welfare of the workers, health facilities provided, life quality come under the functioning of this institution.
In the case women workers it suggests measures like maternity benefits, minimum wages, housing schemes and many other worker related issues are covered by the ILO.
Its general conference is like a world parliament of the workers and it strives to protect the welfare of workers of the world.
4. List out the aims of the UNO.
Safeguarding international peace and security.
Fostering cooperation among nations.
Improving the faith in human rights
Exploring solutions to various economic, sociological, cultural and other humanity based problems with international cooperation.
Providing recognition to international agreements and conditions
Striving to build mutual trust and cooperation among the countries.
5. Explain the formation of the General Assembly of the UNO.
It is an affiliated body consisting of representatives from all the member states.
Every country sends five representatives to this body.
But, every country has only one vote.
The General body elects one of its members as the President for a year.
Similarly, people are elected for posts of 17 Vice Presidents, and seven Chairpersons for the seven permanent committees.
The general Assembly meetings begin around September and continue till mid December every year.
For all the important matters of approval a 2/3 majority is mandatory.
General budget is approved in the general assembly.
A special session can be convened if there are any emergency issues. It acts like a global parliament to discuss world issues.
6. What are the functions of the Economic and Social Committee of the UNO?
Conducting studies on economic, social, cultural, education, health and other international issues and sharing the reports.
Issues like refugee problems, women status, residence and many other issues come within the purview of this committee.
This committee recommends on issues of human rights and basic freedoms.
Organizing conferences on human resources, culture, education and other issues.
Coordinating the functions of specialised bodies like International Labour Organisation (ILO), Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO) and other institutions. All these are the major functions of Economic and Social Committee
7. The „UNO has a major role in establishing peace in the world‟. Substantiate this statement.
The UNO has solved many conflicts.
Due to lack of unity among permanent members of the Security Council and the complexity of global issues, it can be said that the achievements of UN is a mixed one.
Most of its functions are performing peacekeeping works and observatory roles. India has always worked with UNO towards protection of the human rights and world peace.
The UNO has worked towards resolving the crisis of Suez canal, Iran, Indonesia, Kashmir, Palestine, Korea, Hungaria,Congo, Cyprus, Arab- Israel, Namibia, Afghanistan and other crisis.
It has continued to work on disarmament and nuclear disarmament areas. Now, the cold war has ended leading more space of the functioning of UNO in future.
8. What are the functions of the UNESCO?
It is a specialised institution which strives to improve the science, education and culture of the world.
It is active in technical education, cultural issues, constructive thinking, and media strategies to preserve the world heritage also.
It supports governmental and Nongovernmental organisations to spread the importance of education
9. Explain the role of the IMF in solving the economic problems of the world.
It tries to resolve international economic crisis. It helps the development of global commerce, economic stability and the balance of payment.
In this organization, administrative council, Board of directors, and a managing director works.
Its efficiency and transparency has been often appreciated.
This can be called as the central bank of many central banks of different nations.
It plays the role of a facilitator between developed countries and non-developed countries
10.Prepare a list of aims of the Common Wealth.
upholding the values of democracy
protection of freedom
poverty allevation
securing world peace
aiding the development of sports
science and art
It also aims at improving the cooperation among the membership states.
11.Explain the European Union
It is an institution of 27 European countries.
It was founded in 1992 as per the agreement of Matrich among the member countries.
It provides for common market, common currency and common agriculture and trade policy.
The European Union resembles a federal government structure.
As the founders asserted this strives for international peace and democracy in the world.
This seems to be the continuation of earlier European Economic Community (EEC).
The member states have given away some of their sovereign powers to the union willingly
12. What are the functions of the Security Council?
The Security Council strives to solve global problems peacefully.
If there is a need; it deploys UN peace keeping force to maintain peace and order.
It also selects the Judge of International Court of Justice and also suggests the nomination of Secretary General for UN.
13. What are the Economic and financial achievements of UNO?
In the UNO charter, it is declared that the UNO should strive to „uplift the socio-economic status of the people of the world‟.
This work need to be achieved through the supervision of „Economic and Social Committee‟. „General Agreement on Tariff and Trade‟ (GATT) is a general agreement on trade and tariff which is a notable agreement.
Another important programme is that of „The United Development Programme‟.
International organizations like World Bank, International Monetary Fund are working well with the able support of UNO.
14. What are the Social Achievements of UNO? World Health Organization, UNESCO, UNICEF, World Refugee Council are few organizations that are interested in the social well being of the world. The universal declaration of Human Rights in 1948 is considered as an important international achievement of UNO. The UNO has played decisive role in the removal of Apartheid, colonialism and imperialism.
15. What are the aims of Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)?
Development of agriculture
Providing nutritious food
Creation of Hunger free communities
Reforming the life of rural people.
16. What are the aims of SAARC?
The main aim of the organisation is to foster mutual ties along with the economic progress and cultural progress.
In order to achieve this goal numerous task groups, technical groups and permanent committees have been formed.
But mutual suspicion and difference opinions among the member countries is hampering the progress of the SAARC.
The policy that „all decisions needs to be taken unanimously‟ is also creating obstacles to its progress.
Though there are numeours burning issues and differences among the member countries, it is still a good platform to resolve difference of opinions.
Conferences, workshops and training programmes have been taking place for the representatives of these countries on various topics like science and technology, agriculture on
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