CLASS 10TH SOCIAL SCIENCE HISTORY UNIT – VII FREEDOM MOVEMENT NOTES 2021 -22

UNIT – VII FREEDOM MOVEMENT

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers:

1. The Indian National Congress was found in the year ………… (1885)

2. The Drain Theory was forwarded by …………….. (Dadabai Navoroji )

3. Swarajya is my birth right was declared by …………………. (Balagangadhar Tilak)

4. Balagangadhar Tilak published ……………………..newspaper in Marathi. (Kesari)

5. A secret organization by name „Abhinava Bharathi‟ belonged ………….............. (Revolutionaries)

II. Answer the following questions in one sentence each:

. Mention the associations which were started after The First War of Indian Independence.

 „The Hindu Mela‟, „All Indian Association‟, Poona Public Sabha‟ and „The Indian Association‟

2. Who implemented Vernacular Press Act?

 Lord Litton implemented Vernacular Press Act

3.Who was the first president of The Indian National Congress?

 W.C. Banerjee was the first president of The Indian National Congress.

4. Who started was the first president of The Indian National Congress?

 A.O.Hume

5. What is the Age of Moderates?

 Traditionally, the first twenty years of the Indian National Congress is called as the Age of Moderates

6. Mention the leaders of moderates.

 W.C Banerjee, M.G.Ranade, Surendranatha Banerjee, Dadabai Navoroji, Gopala Krishna Gokale

7. What is “Drain Theory?

 Moderates explained the drain of resources of India into England through scientific statistics and called it “Drain Theory”

8. What is the Age of Liberal Nationalism?

 The period of Moderates is called as the Age of Liberal Nationalism.

9. Who were known as “Political Beggars?

 Moderates were known as “Political Beggars”.

10. Mention the leaders of Radicals

 Aurobindo Gosh, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lal Lajapath Roy and Balagandhar Tilak

11. Who divided Bengal?

 Viceroy Lord Curzon divided Bengal.

12.Why did Lord Curzon divide Bengal?

 The Anti-British sentiment was dominant in Bengal and it was the centre of Anti-British protests. In order to suppress these developments, Viceroy Lord Curzon thought of dividing Bengal

13.When was Bengal divided?

 Bengal was divided in 1905

14. Who declared “Swaraj is My Birth Right. I would definitely get it back”.

 Tilak declared “Swaraj is My Birth Right. I would definitely get it back”.

15. When was Muslim league started?

 Muslim league was started in 1906

16. Mention the news papers of Tilak.

 Tilak published „Kesari‟ in Marathi and „Maratha‟ in English languages.

17. Who wrote Geetharahasya?

 Tilak wrote a book „Geetharahasya

18. Mention a secret organization founded in England ?

 A secret organization named „Lotus and Dragger‟ was founded in England.

19. Mention an important Revolutionaries leaders.

 Aurobindo Gosh, V.D. Saavarkar, Ashwini kumar Datta, Rajanarayana Bose, Rajaguru, Ras Bihari Gosh, Madam Cama, Kudiram Bose, Ramprasad Bismil, Bagath Singh, Chandrashekar Azad, Jatin Das and others.

III.Answer the following questions:

1. Which were the organizations that were present before the founding of Indian National Congress?

 „The Hindu Mela‟, „All Indian Association‟, Poona Public Sabha‟ and „The Indian Association

2. What were the demands of Moderates placed in front of the British?

 cutting down of military expenditure,

 development of Indian industries,

 providing good education and

 programmes for poverty alleviation.

3. Explain the Drain Theory.

 Moderates were the first to study the ill effects of the British rule on India.

 They explained the drain of resources of India into England through scientific statistics and called it “Drain Theory‟.

 By increasing the import and reducing the export, the British facilitated the draining out of precious Indian resources into India.

4. Discuss the role of Balagangadhar Tilak in the Indian Independence Movement.

 Tilak declared “Swaraj is My Birth Right. I would definitely get it back”. Attaining complete freedom was the aim of radicals.

 He tried to organize the common people of India.

 He attempted to organize people by employing religious celebrations too.

 He used Ganesha, Shivaji and Durga celeberations to organize people against the British.

 Tilak published „Kesari‟ in Marathi and „Maratha‟ in English langauges.

 He encouraged common people to protest against the British.

 The radical writings of Tilak galvanized the common people.

 The British arrested Tilak due to these developments.

 Tilak wrote a book „Geetharahasya‟ in the prison which further fuelled the freedom fervor.

5. What were the reasons for the withdrawal of Bengal Division?

 The division of Bengal in 1905 was opposed by Indian National Congress.

 Still, the Bengali language could unite the Hindu and Muslim communities.

 Rakshabandhan, cultural festival, was held to bring in unity among Hindus and Muslims.

 The division of Bengal resulted in the wide spread protests across the country.

 The Radicals took the issue to the door steps of common people.

 They called for boycotting of foreign goods and the institutions that encourage it.

 Indians were encouraged to use local goods.

 The British government withdrew the Bengal division order in 1911.

6. Explain the role of Revolutionaries in Indian freedom Movement.

 Revolutionaries dreamed of attaining complete freedom.

 They believed that they can drive away the British by employing violent methods.

 They established secret associations across the country and started collecting weapons and money for an armed struggle against the British.

 A secret organization named „Lotus and Dragger‟ was founded in England.

 People Aurbindho Gosh who were in England supported the revolutionaries through this organization.

 Similarly, another revolutionary organization called „Gadha‟ in USA can be recalled here.

 „Abhivanava Bharatha‟ and „Anusheela Samiti‟ were the two important secret organizations in India.

 They used Bombs and Guns to achieve their goal.

Milan Tomic

Hi. I’m Designer of Blog Magic. I’m CEO/Founder of ThemeXpose. I’m Creative Art Director, Web Designer, UI/UX Designer, Interaction Designer, Industrial Designer, Web Developer, Business Enthusiast, StartUp Enthusiast, Speaker, Writer and Photographer. Inspired to make things looks better.