UNIT – IX POST INDEPENDENT INDIA
I. Fill in the blanks with appropriate answers;
1. The Brisith government‟s last Governor General was …… (Lord Mountbatten)
2. India‟s first Home minister was ………(Valalbahabai Patel )
3. India‟s first President was ------ (Dr. BabuRajendraprasad)
4. Pondicherry became a union territory in the year…………….. (1963)
5. State Reorganization law was implemented in ………year. (1953)
II. Answer the following questions:
1. How many princely states were there in India ?
There were 562 princely states in India
2. Mention the princely states who refused to join India?
Kashmir and Junaghad and Hyderabad
3. Who was the chairman Constitutional Drafting committee?
Dr.B.R.Ambedkar was the chairman Constitutional Drafting committee
4. Who was the first Prime Minister of Independent India?
Nehru was the first Prime Minister of Independent India
5. Where is the Tibetan refugees centre in Karnataka?
The Tibetan refugees centre in Karnataka is at Bylukuppe
6.Who was the the first Governor General of Independent India?
Lord Mountbatten was the the first Governor General of Independent India
7. Who became the first President of India?
Dr. BabuRajendraprasad became the first President of India.
8. Through which amendment to the Constitution, words „Secular and Socialist‟ were added ?
Through 42nd amendment to the Constitution, words „Secular and Socialist‟ were added
9. What is Instrument of Accession‟?
Government of India through its „Instrument of Accession‟ offered an opportunity for the princely states to join federal structure of India.
10. Who is known as „Iron Man of India?
Valalbahabai Patel is known as „Iron Man of India
11. Why Valalbahabai Patel is known as „Iron Man of India?
Valalbahabai Patel was successful in integrating the princely states to Indian federation.So he is known as „Iron Man of India
12. When did Junagadh join Indian federation?
Junagadh joined Indian federation in 1949
13. Why did Nizam refuse to join the Independent India?
He wanted to remain independent and refused to join the Independent India.
14. Who are „Razacks‟?
The people angry with cruel army called „Razacks‟ which had the patronage of Nizam
15. What is „Pakistan Occupied Kashmir‟?
The North East part of Kashmir that was occupied by Pakistan continues to be with it and it is called „Pakistan Occupied Kashmir‟
16. Mention the places which the French had control over them Even after independence?
Pondicherry, Karikal, Mahe and Chandranagar
17. When did Pondicherry become Union Territory of India?
Pondicherry became Union Territory of India in 1963
18. Who died after 54 days of hunger strike demanding for Vishalandhra?
Potti Sriramulu died after 54 days of hunger strike demanding for Vishalandhra
19. When was „Reorganization of State Commission‟ was formed?
In 1953, „Reorganization of State Commission‟ was formed.
20. Mention the members of Reorganization of State Commission‟.
Fazal Ali became the president, K.M.Pannikker and H.N. Kunjru became its members.
21. According to „Reorganization of State Commission how many states and union territories were formed?
According to Reorganization of State Commission 14 states and 6 union territories were formed.
22. When did Vishala Mysore state come into existence?
Vishala Mysore state came into existence in 1956
23. When Mysore state was named as „Karnataka?
In 1973, Mysore state was named as „Karnataka
24. How many states and union territories are there in India?
There are 29 states and 7 union territories in India.
III. Answer the following questions:
1.What were the problems faced in independent India?
The country was burnt in communal fire
the integration of princely states into the federal structure of India was a bigger problem
partition had damaged the economic system of India deeply
India had a challenge of creating its own constitution
India had to protect its freedom that was after years struggle from its enemies.
since gender and caste based discrimination was natural to Indian society, there was a need to strengthen the social fabric for to establish social equality.
2. How did the nation face refugee problem?
Soon after the partition, refugee crisis became a huge problem.
During this period millions of people tried to find future in either of the country.
They had to leave their native places and move toward the place where people from their religion were a majority.
Around 6 million refugees arrived in India.
The Bangaldesh war resulted in arrival of 10 lakh refugees to India.
The people of Tibet had arrived in our country as refugees during Nehru time.
According to one estimate there are around one lakh and twenty thousand Tibetan refugees in India
3. How was Pondicherry liberated from the French? Explain.
Even after independence, the French had continued their hold over Pondicherry, Karikal, Mahe and Chandranagar.
Many political parties like Congress, Communists and others wanted them to become part of India. As a result of all these parts got integrated
Pondicherry became Union Territory of India .
4. How was Goa liberated from Portuguese?
A sustained movement was held to protest against the Portuguese occupation of Goa.
Though they were ordered to vacate Goa, Portuguese brought more army from Africa and Europe and tried to consolidate their power over Goa.
Sathyagrahis from all over India entered Goa and declared the exit of Portuguese from Goa in
The Indian military entered Goa and took over its administration.
Goa had remained a union territory till 1987 and later became a state.
5. Explain the process of State Reorganization based on language.
The language based formation of states was a demand present during British India also.
After the independence of India, this demand became more and more severe.
Both the British government and regional governments never ruled them using local language.
In this background, formation of states based on 34 languages was desired.
After the death of Potti Sriramulu who died after 54 days of hunger strike demanding for Vishalandhra, the demand for language based state reorganization went up.
As a result, Andhrapradesh was formed in 1953. In 1953, „Reorganization of State Commission‟ was formed.
Mr Fazal Ali became the president, K.M.Pannikker and H.N. Kunjru became its members.
Based on the report of this commission, State Reorganization Act was brought into effect
. According to this act, 14 states and 6 union territories were formed
6. Explain the process of integration of Karnataka.
Kannada speaking regions were part of various princely states.
On October 14th, 1947 Mysore State came into existence.
The demand to integrate all these people into one state was prevalent.
They had formed “All Karnataka Rajaya Nirmana Parishid‟ and demanded for the major integration of Kannada speaking world.
Finally in 1956, Vishala Mysore state came into existence.
In 1973, it was named as „Karnataka
7. The accession of Jammu and Kashmir is different from all the other accessions.How?
The King of Jammu and Kashmir Harisingh decided to remain independent.
Fearing that Kashmir may join the Indian federation, Pakistan instigated the tribal Muslims to invade Kashmir.
The tribal band of people occupied more area of Kashmir.
Unless the King agrees to join India, the military of India could not enter Kashmir.
Finally, on releasing the severity of the problem in hand, King Harisingh agreed to join India in October 1947.
Later, the Indian Army attacked the invading tribal soldiers and drove them out of the valley.
At this juncture, the issue was reported to UNO.
One part of the Kashmir remained with Pakistan.
India complained at UNO against Pakistan on this issue.
UNO issued battle truce on January 01, 1949.
The North East part of Kashmir that was occupied by Pakistan continues to be with it and it is called „Pakistan Occupied Kashmir‟.
8. Explain the integration of Hyderabad.
This princely state was ruled by Nizam.
He wanted to remain independent and refused to join the Independent India.
Meanwhile, under the leadership of communists, the farmers of the state revolted against the Nizam and Zamindars.
The people angry with cruel army called „Razacks‟ which had the patronage of Nizam.
The Government of India sent its military to fight Hyderabad and defeated the Nizam and integrated Hyderbad into India in 1948.
Valalbhabai Patel could find a solution to this with his firm decision.
9. How did Junagad join Indian federation?
The Nawab of this princely state had signed the agreement to join the state of Pakistan.
His citizens revolted against him and flooded the streets.
The King fled from the Kingdom.
The Dewan requested Indian Government to military to Junagadh to maintain law and order.
Later, Junagadh joined Indian federation in 1949.
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