UNIT – VI INDIAN WATER RESOURCES
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers.
1. River Indus rises near ----- (Mt. Kailash)
2. The longest river in South India is ----- (The Godavari)
3. Hirakud project is built across river----- (Mahanadi)
4. The longest tributary of the Ganga is ------ (Yamuna)
5. The Kosi project is a joint venture of and--------- (India and Nepal)
II. Answer the following questions in one sentence each:
1. Mention the divisions of Water resources.
Water resource can be divided into surface water and ground water Resources.
2. Give examples for the surface water resources.
The surface water resources are rainfall, rivers, lakes, tanks and springs.
3. What are the uses of water?
The rivers are useful for irrigation, generation of hydel power, inland water ways, fishing etc.
4. What are the the important rivers of North India?
The important rivers of North India are the Indus, the Ganges and the Brahmaputra.
5. Where does the River Indus or Sindhu rise?
The River Indus or Sindhu rises near Mt. Kailash
6. Mention the tributaries of the River Indus.
Jhelum, Chenab, Beas, Ravi and Sutluj.
7. Which is the largest river of India?
The Ganga river is the largest river of India.
8. Where does the Ganga river rise?
The Ganga rises in the Gangothri glacier.
9. Mention the tributaries of the River Ganga.
The tributaries of the River Ganga tributaries are Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Ramaganga, Gomati, Sarada, Son and kosi.
10. Where does the Brahmaputra rise?
The Brahmaputra rises near lake Manasa sarovar
11. Mention the important rivers of south India.
The important rivers of south India are Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna,Kaveri, Narmada, Tapi.
12. Where does the Mahanadi river rise?
The Mahanadi rises in „Sihawa‟ range
13. Which is the largest river in South India?
The Godavari is the largest river in South India
14. Where does the The Godavari river rise?
The Godavari river rises in „Triambaka‟
15. Where does the River Krishna rise?
River Krishna rises near Mahabaleswara
16. Mention the tributaries River Krishna.
Its main tributaries are Bhima, Tungabhadra, Koyna, Ghataprabha and Malaprabha.
17. Where does the River Kaveri rise?
River Kaveri rises at Talakaveri.
18. Mention the tributaries River Kaveri.
The Hemavathi, Simsha, Kapila, Arkavathi, Lakshmanathirtha, Suvarnavathi and Bhavani are the main tributaries of Kaveri
19. What are the the important west flowing rivers of south India?
The Narmada and Tapi are the important west flowing rivers of south India.
20. Where does the River Narmada rise?
River Narmada rises in Amarakantak hills
21. Where does the River Tapi rise?
The Tapi rises near Multai
22. What is irrigation?
The artificial supply of water for the purpose of agriculture is called irrigation.
23. What are the types of Irrigations?
Well Irrigation
Canal Irrigation
Tank Irrigation
24. Which types of irrigations have bee recently introduced?
sprinkler and drip irrigation
25. What are the types wells?
The types wells are open wells and tube wells
26. What are the two types of canals?
The two types of canals are inundation canals and perennial canals
27. What is Tank?
A tank is a natural or man-made hollow on the earth‟s surface into which rain-water is collected.
28. What are “Multipurpose river valley projects?
The river valley projects which provide multiple benefits are called Multipurpose river valley projects.
29. Which is the first multipurpose river valley project of the country?
Damodar Valley Project is the first multipurpose river valley project of the country.
30. Which River was called „Sorrow of Bengal‟?
River Damodar was called „Sorrow of Bengal
31. Why River Damodar was called „Sorrow of Bengal?
River Damodar was called „Sorrow of Bengal‟, because it was causing devastating floods during the rainy seasons and damaged crops and human settlements
32. Mention the states which started Bhakra-Nangal Project?
Bhakra-Nangal Project is a joint ventune of the states of Punjabs, Haryana and Rajasthan.
33. Name the reservoir created by the Bhakra-Nangal dam.
The reservoir created by the Bhakra-Nangal dam is called “Gobind Sagar”.
34. Which is the most important multipurpose project of Odisha?
The most important multipurpose project of Odisha is Hirakud Project
35. Which is the longest dam in India?
Hirakud is the longest dam in India
36. Which states started Tungabhadra Project?
Tungabhadra Project is a joint venture of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh
37. Name the reservoir created by the Tungabhadra dam?
The reservoir created by this Tungabhadra dam is called “Pampa Sagara”.
38. Name an international project and a joint venture of India and Nepal?
The Kosi Project
39. Which is the most important multipurpose river valley project of Uttar Pradesh?
The Rihand Valley Project is the most important multipurpose river valley project of Uttar Pradesh
40. Name the reservoir created by the The Rihand Valley Project.
The reservoir created by this The Rihand Valley Project is called “Gobind Ballabh Pant Sagar.
41. Across which river The Nagarjuna Sagar Project started?
Across Krishna river The Nagarjuna Sagar Project started.
42. Mention the East flowing rivers of India.
Mahanadi Godavari Krishna Kaveri
43. What is Marble Gorge?
River Narmada rises in Amarakantak hills and flows westward ) through a narrow gorge called „Marble Gorge‟.
III. Answer the following questions:
1. Explain the Brahmaputra river system?
The Brahmaputra rises near lake Manasa sarovar (Tibet) and flows towards the east.
It enters India through a narrow gorge in Arunachal Pradesh.
Then it flows to the west and turns to the south in Bangladesh. Where it joins the Ganga.
Its length is 2580kms.
2. What is irrigation? Mention its main types in India?
The artificial supply of water for the purpose of agriculture is called irrigation.
wells, canals and tanks are the types of irrigation.
3. Why is irrigation important in India?
India is an agricultural country. Therefore it needs a regular and sufficient supply of water.
Agriculture in India depends mainly on monsoon rainfall.
It is seasonal, uncertain and unevenly distributed. There are certain crops which require a larger and regular water supply,
Besides to increase the yield and production of crops required regular supply of water.
4. What is Multi Purpose River Valley Project?
The river valley projects which provide multiple benefits are called “Multipurpose river valley projects.
5. Write a note on Almatti River Valley Project.
The Almatti dam is constructed near Almatti village in Basavana Bagewadi taluk and the Narayanapura dam is located near iddapur village in Muddebihal taluk of Vijayapura district.
Bagalkot, Vijayapura, Kalburgi, Yadgir and parts of Belagavi districts benefit from this project.
6. Explain the importance and distribution of well irrigation
It is the most important type of irrigation in India.
Nearly 60.7% of the total irrigated area is from well irrigation.
Well irrigation is possible even in areas of low rainfall, it is cheap and easy to dig wells and they do not required superior technology.
It is easy even for small farmers to dig wells small farmers to dig wells.
Well irrigation is largely practiced in the Ganga plains including Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal.
7. Explain the objectives of Multipurpose River Valley Projects.
to provide water for irrigation
to control the floods
to generate hydro-electricity
to pevent soil erosion
to develop inland waterways and fishing
to provide recreation facilities
to provide water for domestic puposes and industries
to reclaim land for agriculture
8. Write a short note on the Ganga river.
The Ganga river is the largest river of India. Its total length is 2525km.
It rises in the Gangothri glacier.
It flows towards the south and south-east, then enters Bangladesh where it joins the Brahmaputra.
After it joins the Brahmaputra it continues as Padma and finally flows into the Bay of Bengal.
Its major tributaries are Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Ramaganga, Gomati, Sarada, Son and kosi.
9. What are the difference between inundation canals and perennial canals?
In inundation canals, water is drawn directly from the river without building dam.
In perennial canals, dams are constructed across the rivers and water is stored in the reservoirs and used for agriculture through canals
10. Write a short note on Tank Irrigation.
A tank is a natural or man-made hollow on the earth‟s surface into which rain-water is collected.
This water is used for irrigations.
Most of the tanks are non-perennial.
In recent years the area under tank irrigation has been decreased.
Now only 3% of the total irrigated area is under tank irrigation in India.
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