CLASS 10TH SOCIAL SCIENCE (GEOGRAPHY ) UNIT - 9 INDIAN TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION NOTES 2021 -22

UNIT - 9 INDIAN TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers.

1. For the development of villages and agriculture in India ________ means of transport is essential. (Road)

2. The first railway line in India was laid between __________ and ____________ (Bombay and Thane)

3. Mumbai port is called as _______________ (Gateway of India)

4. Bengaluru International Air port is called ___________ (Kempegowda International Airport )

5. The newspaper Bombay Samachar was started in ___________(1822)

II. Answer the following questions in one sentence each:

1.What is transport?

 Transport means movement of goods, service and passengeres from one place to another

2. Mention the types of roads on the basis of physical structure .

 Metalled roads which are constructed with cement concrete or asphalt

 Unmetalled roads which are common in rural areas

3. Mention the types of roads On the basis of construction and maintenance.

 Golden Quadrilateral and Super Highways.

 National Highways.

 District Roads.

 State Highways.

 Village Roads

4. what is Golden Quadrilateral and Super Highways?

 The Golden quadrilateral is a project with 4 to 6 lane roads

5. Mention the the Super Highways.

 The North- south corridor which runs from Srinagar to Kanyakumari

 The East-West corridor which runs from Silchar in Assam to Porbandar in Gujarat

6. Who maintains Golden Quadrilateral and Super Highways?

 National Highways Authority of India

7. Who maintains National Highways?

 The Central Public Works Department

8. Who is incharge of District Roads?

 Zilla panchayat is incharge of these roads

9. What is Border Roads?

 Roads in border areas, which are especially used for defence purpose, are called „Border Roads

10. Who maintains Border Roads?

 Border Roads Development Authority.

11. During the British Why the railways were constructed In India?

 The railways were constructed constructed during the British period for convenient transport of raw materials and the movement of army from one place to another.

12. Between which cities the first railway line was laid?

 The first railway line was laid between Bombay and Thane

13. Which is the largest public sector undertaking in India?

 Railways form the largest public sector undertaking in India

14.Which are a new mode of land transport?

 Pipelines are a new mode of land transport

15. Mention two types of Waterways

 Inland waterways

 Ocean waterways

16. Which is the biggest, most spacious and well sheltered port?

 Mumbai port

17. Which port is called the Gateway of India?

 Mumbai port port is called the Gateway of India

18. What is the new name of Nhava Sheva port?

 The new name of Nhava Sheva port is Jawaharlal Neharu Port

19. Which port has been built for the release of pressure on the Mumbai port?

 Jawaharlal Neharu Port has been built for the release of pressure on the Mumbai port

20. Which port is known as “The Gateway of Karnataka”?

 New Mangaluru is known as “The Gateway of Karnataka.

21. Which port is known as “the Queen of the Arabian Sea”?

 Kochi port is known as “the Queen of the Arabian Sea”.

22. Which port has an artificial harbor?  Chennai port

23. Which port has been developed to reduce the pressure of traffic on Chennai port?

 Ennore port

24. Which port is the deepest land locked and protected port?

 Visakhapatnam port is the deepest land locked and protected port

25.Which is the second biggest port in India and largest terminal port in southeast Asia?

 Kolkata

26. Who manages these airports in India?

 The Airport Authority of India manages these airports.

27. Where is Indira Gandhi International Airport ?

 Delhi

28. Where is Chatrapathi Shivaji International Airport ?

 Mumbai

29. Where is Netaji Subash Chandra Bose International Airport ?

 Kolkata

30. Where is Anna International Airport ?

 Chennai

31. Where is Kempegowda International Airport ?

 Bengaluru

32. What is communication?

 Conveyance of messages from one person to another or from one place to another is called 'communication

33. Mention modes of communication.

 Personal

 Mass communication

34. When was All India Radio (AIR) coined?

 1936

35. When did All India Radio come to be known as „Akashvani‟ ?

 1957

36. Which is the oldest and still existing newspaper of India ?

 “Bambay Samachar”

37. What is GIS?

 GIS is a computer based system which can accumulate and internet data on the Earth‟s surface

38. What is GPS?

 The GPS indicates the location of a stationary or moving object or person through pointing out the latitude and longitude and height above sea level

39. What is The Remote sensing Technology?

 It gathers information about the distance between two objects without touching the objects

40. What are the Modes of Transport?

 Land transport ,Water transport and Airways

41. What is the aim of Grama Sadak Yojana?

 to convert mudroades into matalled roads

42. Now Inland Waterways play a limited role.Why?

 Now Inland Waterways play a limited role due to the development of roads and railways.

III. Answer the following questions:

1.Define Transport and Communication.

 Transport means movement of goods, service and passengeres from one place to another

 Conveyance of messages from one person to another or from one place to another is called 'communication

2. Explain Golden Quadrilateral and Super Highways.

 The Golden quadrilateral is a project with 4 to 6 lane roads.

 It was started in 1999.

 This highway network connect major cities as well as cultural and industrial centres of the country.

 It links Delhi - Jaipur - Ahmedabad - Surat - Mumbai - Pune - Bengaluru - Chennai - Visakhapatnam - Bhubaneswar - Kolkata - Allahabad - Kanpur - Delhi.

3. Give an account of Railways in India.

 In India the railways were constructed during the British period for convenient transport of raw materials and the movement of army from one place to another.

 The first railway line was laid between Bombay and Thane in 1853, followed by Kolkata to Raniganj , Chennai to Arkonam .

 Then gradually developed in other parts of the country

 Railways form the largest public sector undertaking in India

4. Explain briefly the importance of Transport in India.

 For the devolopment of agriculture and village industries, roads are essential, becuase they are very convenient to connect isolated villages.

 Roads can be contructed in forests and hilly regions.

 They connect remote places with towns and cities, provide Door to Door service. They are the feeders to railways, sea ports and airports.

 They play a very important role in tourism, trade and commerce, and industries.

 They create employment opportunities and are most useful for defence, especially in border areas.

5. Write a note on Airways in India.

 Air India International which provides services between India and various other countries.

 Indian Airlines which operates within the country and also connects neighbouring countries.

 Untill recently Air transport was in the public sector.

 But now there are private air transport companies holding permits for non-seheduled services. i,e Jet Airways, Sahara Air lines, Paramount Air ways etc

 There are 141 airports in India The Airport Authority of India manages these airports

6. Mention the different types of communication in India.

 Personal communication. Letters (Post), Telephone, Telegram, Fax, E-mail, Internet, Seminar, Conference etc; are personal communications.

 Mass communication :Newspaper, Radio, Television, Magzines and Books are come under mass media.

7. Explain the imortance of transport.

 Transport plays a very important roles in the development of all factors of human activities namely the primary sector, the secondary sector and the tertiary sector

 Efficient and cheap means of transport helps to develop resources, agriculture, promotes industrial progress

 widen the market, increases internal and external trade, provides employment,

 raises the income and standard of living of the people, encourages tourism and helps defence.

8. Explain the importance of Railway Transport

 Railways are the other important mode of land transport.

 They are very useful to carry heavy goods and large number of passengers over a long distance.

 They play a vital role in the development of agriculture, industry and economy of India.

 They help to expand trade and tourism.

9. Mention the ports on the west coast.

 Kandla

 Mumbai

 Jawaharlal Neharu Port

 Mormugoa

 New Mangaluru

 Kochi

10. Mention the ports on the east coast.

 Tuticorin

 Chennai

 Ennore

 Visakhapatnam

 Paradip

 Haldia

 Kolkata

 Port Blair

11. What are the importance of Air Transport

 Air transport is the quickest means of transport.

 It is a very efficient to carry passengers and mail.

 On the times of emergencies like war, floods, earthquakes, air transport is very useful.

 India is a vast country and has all the favourable factors for the development of air transport.

12. Mention important International Airports of India.

 Indira Gandhi International Airport

 Chatrapathi Shivaji International Airport

 Netaji Subash Chandra Bose International Airport

 Anna International Airport

 Kempegowda International Airport

 Rajeev Gandhi International Airport

 Sri Guru Ramdas Jee International Airport

 Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport

13.What are the importance of communication?

 It helps in quick transmission and discrimination of ideas, information and messages from person to person and place to place.

 Communication helps in creating awareness among the people about government policies and programmes of development.

 It enables us to know about natural hazards and disasters, weather forecasting etc. It helps in the progress of trade, industry, agriculture etc.

 It provides entertainment, day to day information of the world. Helps to maintain unity and integrity of the country

14. What are the uses of Postal Service?

 This is one of the most important communication system that existed since a long time in India.

 Post office provide many services such as carrying letters, packets, parcels, money order etc, from one place to another.

 They also provides savings bank facilities, issuing National Savings Certificates etc.

15. What are the uses of Radio and Television

 This play a very important role in mass communication.

 Even in remote places of India the people can hear radio messages and watch TV.

 They are very useful to our several areas, because our farmers get upto date informations about the agricultural problems, farm commodity prices, weather forecast, modern methods of cultivation etc.

 They provide a variety of programmes such as educational and informative news, entertainment.

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